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Rubella Reference – Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments
Diseases & Treatments Section @ BillDoll.com – The Billion Dollar Site
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Rubella Reference – Symptoms, Diagnoses, Treatments
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Rubella-From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rubella Classification & external resources ICD-10 B06. ICD-9 056 eMedicine emerg/388 peds/2025 derm/259 Rubella virus
Virus classification Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA) Family: Togaviridae
Genus: Rubivirus
Species: Rubella virus
Rubella (also known as epidemic roseola, German measles, liberty measles[1] or three-day measles) is a disease caused by the Rubella virus. It is often mild and an attack can pass unnoticed. However, this can make the virus difficult to diagnose. The virus usually enters the body through the nose or throat. The disease can last 1-5 days. Children recover more quickly than adults. Like most viruses living along the respiratory tract, it is passed from person to person by tiny droplets in the air that are breathed out. Rubella can pose a serious risk as it can also be transmitted from a mother to her developing baby through the bloodstream via the placenta. If the mother is infected within the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, the baby will have congenital rubella syndrome. The virus has an incubation period of 2 to 3 weeks during which it becomes established. If a woman contracts rubella in the early stages of her pregnancy, the fetus is likely to be born with congenital rubella syndrome and also has the chances of being born with a birth defect. This can also led to a miscarriage. Consult your doctor immediately!!
The name German measles has nothing to do with Germany. It comes from the Latin germanus, meaning "similar", since rubella and measles share many symptoms.
Contents 1 Symptoms 2 Risks 3 Prevention and treatment 4 Rubella in popular culture 5 References 6 External links
Symptoms
Rubella rash on the abdomenSymptoms of rubella include:
Children: Low grade fever, swollen glands, joint pain, headache, conjunctivitis, rash
Adults and children:
swollen glands or lymph nodes (may persist for up to a week) fever (rarely rises above 38 degrees Celsius [100.4 degrees Fahrenheit]) rash (Appears on the face and then spreads to the trunk and limbs. It appears as pink dots under the skin. It appears on the first or third day of the illness but it disappears after a few days with no staining or peeling of the skin) Forchheimer's sign occurs in 20% of cases, and is characterized by small, red papules on the area of the soft palate flaking, dry skin nerves become weak or numb (very rare)
Risks Rubella can affect anyone of any age and is generally a mild disease. However, rubella can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus of an infected pregnant woman. Usually occurs between 14 - 21 days of pregnancy.
Prevention and treatment Symptoms are usually treated with paracetamol until the disease has run its course. There is no treatment available for congenital rubella.
Fewer cases of rubella occur since a vaccine became available in 1969, although decreased uptake of the MMR vaccine (e.g. in the UK) is expected to lead to a rise in incidence. In most Western countries, the vast majority of people are vaccinated against rubella as children at 12 to 15 months of age. A second dose is required before age 11. The vaccine gives lifelong protection against rubella. A side-effect of the vaccine can be transient arthritis.
The immunization program has been quite successful with Cuba declaring the disease eradicated in the 1990s and the United States eradicating it in 2005 [1]. Every minister of health in the Americas plans to eliminate the disease by 2010.
The state of Montana requires all brides to be tested for Rubella before a marriage license is issued [2].
Rubella in popular culture Agatha Christie's The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side features a plot, possibly based on real life, in which a girl is shut up in quarantine for a minor illness but climbs out of the window to meet a celebrity. The celebrity is pregnant and unknowingly catches rubella resulting in a child with congenital rubella syndrome. However, as this is the fan's favourite anecdote, when she meets the celebrity years later she tells her the story and the celebrity realises that her baby's syndrome was caused by this fan. In Making Fiends, Vendetta makes a friend named Rubella.
References Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Rubella^ Over Here: World War I on the Home Front. Digital History. Retrieved on 2006 July 12 ..
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Credits & Copyright: This page is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article Rubella Reference
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Europe - UK - London, Glasgow, Manchester, Birmingham, Liverpool, Sheffield, Leeds, Bristol, Edinburgh, Leicester; France - Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse, Nice, Nantes, Strasbourg, Montpellier, Bordeaux; Germany - Frankfurt (Frankfurt am Main), Munich (München), Berlin, Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Cologne (Köln), Essen, Dortmund, Stuttgart, Bremen, Duisburg, Hannover, Nürnberg (Nuremberg), Dresden, Leipzig; Italy - Milan (Milano), Rome (Roma), Napoli (Naples), Torino (Turin), Palermo, Bologna, Firenze (Florence), Genova (Genoa); Spain - Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Sevilla, Zaragoza, Malaga, Murcia, Las Palmas, Bilbao; Scandinavia - Finland - Helsinki (Helsingin), Espoo, Tampere (Tampereen), Vantaa, Turku, Oulu, Sweden - Stockholm, Goteborg (Göteborg), Malmo (Malmö), Uppsala, Vasteras (Västerås), Denmark - Copenhagen (Københavns), Aarhus (Århus), Odense, Aalborg (Ålborg), Norway - Oslo, Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheim; Benelux - Belgium - Brussels (Brussel), Antwerp (Antwerpen), Ghent (Gent, Gand), Charleroi, Liège (Liege), Netherlands - Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, Eindhoven, Tilburg, ‘s-Gravenhage (sGravenhage), Groningen, Luxembourg - Luxembourg City; Portugal – Lisbon; Greece – Athens; Hungary – Budapest; Poland – Warsaw; Switzerland - Zürich (Zurich), Geneva (Geneve, Genève), Basel, Bern (Berne), Lausanne; Austria - Linz, Vienna (Wien), Graz, Linz, Salzburg, Innsbruck; Ireland – Dublin
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Africa - South Africa - Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban
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