Myxedema Reference – Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments

 

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Myxedema Reference – Symptoms, Diagnoses, Treatments

 

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Myxedema-From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

Myxoedema

Classification & external resources ICD-10 E00. — E03.

ICD-9 244

DiseasesDB 6558

MedlinePlus 000353

eMedicine med/1581  derm/347

MeSH C19.874.482.638

Myxedema (British myxoedema) is a skin and tissue disorder usually due to severe prolonged hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism can be caused by Hashimoto's thyroiditis, surgical removal of the thyroid, and rarer conditions. Partial forms of myxedema, especially of the lower legs (called pretibial myxedema), occasionally occur in adults with Graves' disease, a cause of hyperthyroidism; or also Hashimoto's thyroiditis without severe hypothyroidism.

 

Contents

1 Symptoms

2 Causes

3 Treatment

4 See also

5 External links

 

 

 

 Symptoms

Myxedema usually presents itself with some of the following symptoms:

 

Skin thickening

Coarse skin

Change in facial appearance

Thickening nose

Swollen lips

Puffiness around the eyes

Jelly-like infiltrations in subcutaneous tissues

Slow speech

Mental dullness

Lethargy

Mental problems

Dry skin

Yellow skin

Swollen subcutaneous tissue

Weight gain

Constipation

Thinning hair

Brittle hair

Bald patches

Muscle pains

Deafness

Hearing impairment

Carpal tunnel syndrome

 

 Causes

Myxedema stemming from both hyperthyroid and hypothyroid conditions, results from the accumulation of increased amounts of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate in the dermis in both lesional and normal skin. The mechanism that causes myxedema is still not yet understood, although animal model studies suggest that thyroid hormones affect the synthesis and catabolism of mucopolysaccharides and collagen by dermal fibroblasts. The fibroblasts in the orbital and pretibial dermis share antigenic sites that underlie the autoimmune process that causes Grave's disease. This cross-reaction may contribute to the development of myxedema long after normal levels of thyroid hormones have been restored by treatment.

 

 

 Treatment

Treatment for myxedema is difficult. Systemic or intralesional glucocorticoids, topical glucocorticoids under occlusion or high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin have been reported to offer some relief to patients. Treatment should follow correction of the original hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism.

 

 

 See also

Cretinism - congenital hypothyroidism

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Credits & Copyright: This page is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article Myxedema 

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