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Lymphoma Reference – Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments
Diseases & Treatments Section @ BillDoll.com – The Billion Dollar Site
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Lymphoma Reference – Symptoms, Diagnoses, Treatments
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Lymphoma-From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Please discuss this issue on the talk page or replace this tag with a more specific message. This article has been tagged since September 2006.
This article is about lymphoma in humans. For the disease in dogs, cats, and ferrets, see lymphoma in animals. Lymphoma is a variety of cancer that originates in lymphocytes or, more rarely, of histiocytes. Collectively, these cell types form the reticuloendothelial system and circulate in the vessels of the lymphatic system. Similar to lymphocytes, there are many types of lymphoma. Lymphomas are part of the broad group of diseases called hematological neoplasms.
Traditionally, Lymphoma is classified as Hodgkin's lymphoma (19th to 20th century called Hodgkin's Disease), discovered by Thomas Hodgkin in 1832, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (all other types of lymphoma). Modern classifications of lymphoma are more sophisticated than this simple scheme.
Contents 1 Prevalence 2 Classification 2.1 WHO classification 2.1.1 Mature B cell neoplasms 2.1.2 Mature T cell and natural killer (NK) cell neoplasms 2.1.3 Hodgkin Lymphoma 2.1.4 Immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders 2.1.5 Histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms 2.2 Working formulation 2.2.1 Low grade 2.2.2 High grade 2.2.3 Miscellaneous 2.3 Other classification systems 3 For diagnosis, etiology, staging, prognosis, and treatment 4 See also 5 References 6 External links
Prevalence According to the U.S. National Institutes of Health, lymphomas account for about five percent of all cases of cancer in the United States, and Hodgkin lymphoma in particular accounts for less than one percent of all cases of cancer in the United States.
Because the lymphatic system is part of the body's immune system, patients with weakened immune system, such as from HIV infection or from certain drugs or medication, also have a higher incidence of lymphoma.
Classification
WHO classification The WHO Classification is the latest classification of lymphoma, published by the World Health Organization in 2001. It was based upon the "Revised European-American Lymphoma classification" (REAL).
This classification attempts to classify lymphomas by cell type, i.e. the normal cell type that most closely resembles the tumour. They are classified in three large groups: the B cell tumours, the T cell and natural killer cell tumours, Hodgkin lymphoma, and other minor groups: (ICD-O codes are provided where available)
Mature B cell neoplasms
DNA-microarray analysis of Burkitt's lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) showing differences in gene expression patterns. Colors indicate levels of expression; green indicates genes that are overexpressed in normal cells compared to lymphoma cells and red indicates genes that are overexpressed in lymphoma cells compared to normal cells. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia Splenic marginal zone lymphoma Plasma cell neoplasms Plasma cell myeloma Plasmacytoma Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition diseases Heavy chain diseases Extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma Follicular lymphoma Mantle cell lymphoma Diffuse large B cell lymphoma Mediastinal (thymic) large B cell lymphoma Intravascular large B cell lymphoma Primary effusion lymphoma Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
Mature T cell and natural killer (NK) cell neoplasms
T cell prolymphocytic leukemia T cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia Aggressive NK cell leukemia Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type Enteropathy-type T cell lymphoma Hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma Blastic NK cell lymphoma Mycosis fungoides / Sezary syndrome Primary cutaneous CD30-positive T cell lymphoproliferative disorders Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma Lymphomatoid papulosis Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma Peripheral T cell lymphoma, unspecified Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma Classical Hodgkin lymphoma Nodular sclerosis Mixed cellularity Lymphocyte-rich Lymphocyte depleted or not depleted
Immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders
Associated with a primary immune disorder Associated with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Post-transplant Associated with Methotrexate therapy
Histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms
Histiocytic sarcoma Langerhans cell histiocytosis Langerhans cell sarcoma Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma/tumour Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma/tumour Dendritic cell sarcoma, unspecified
Working formulation The Working Formulation, published in 1982, is primarily descriptive. It is still occasionally used, but has been superseded by the WHO classification, above.
Low grade Malignant Lymphoma, small lymphocytic (chronic lymphocytic leukemia) Malignant Lymphoma, follicular, predominantly small cleaved cell Malignant Lymphoma, follicular, mixed (small cleaved and large cell)
High grade Malignant Lymphoma, large cell, immunoblastic Malignant Lymphoma, lymphoblastic Malignant Lymphoma, small non-cleaved cells (Burkitt's lymphoma)
Miscellaneous Composite Mycosis fungoides Histiocytic Extramedullary plasmacytoma Unclassifiable
Other classification systems ICD-O (codes 9590-9999, details at [1]) (archive link, was dead) ICD-10 (codes C81-C96, details at [2])
For diagnosis, etiology, staging, prognosis, and treatment Please see separate links to Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
See also Hodgkin's lymphoma Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Follicular lymphoma Burkitt's lymphoma Mantle cell lymphoma Gastric lymphoma Cutaneous T Cell lymphoma Mycosis fungoides Anaplastic large cell lymphoma MALT lymphoma Primary central nervous system lymphoma BCP-1 cells Ann Arbor staging International Prognostic Index
References This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. (help, get involved!) Any material not supported by sources may be challenged and removed at any time. This article has been tagged since October 2006.
External links About Lymphoma: A guide to lymphoma for patients US Lymphoma Fact Sheet from the American Cancer Society UK Hodgkin Lymphoma Statistics UK Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Statistics About Lymphomas - Patients Against Lymphoma Timeline of discovery and treatment of Hodgkin's Lymphoma ICD10 classification of lymphoma MedlinePlus: Lymphoma "Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haemopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues" Summary at NIH/National Cancer Institute Lymphoma Research Foundation Support Group web site for the Coventry Lymphoma Association Support Group in the UK The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Lymphomas in Children and Adolescents The Centre for Cancer and Blood Disorders at Sydney Children’s Hospital provides information on cancers in children and adolescents, including Hodgkins Disease and Non-Hodgkins Lymphomas. Video that shows people how they can help Lymphoma Support Ireland - Booklets & Patient Stories online ..
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