Hair Transplantation – Techniques, Methods, Process

 

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Hair Transplantation – Techniques, Methods, Process

 

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Hair transplantation

 

Hair transplantation is a surgical modality used for the correction of androgenic alopecia, scarring alopecia, and other causes of permanent alopecia. Since hair transplantation is a surgical procedure, all patients must be in good health. Many surgeons perform preoperative laboratory studies that include complete blood count, platelet count, serum chemistries, prothrombin time, pre–prothrombin time, and bleeding time. Some surgeons also check for human immunodeficiency antibodies, hepatitis B surface antibodies, and hepatitis C antibodies.

 

As with any cosmetic surgical procedure, the patient must have reasonable expectations. In fact, dissatisfaction after hair transplantation often arises from changed or unreasonable expectations rather than from complications or poor results. During initial consultation, the physician must learn the patient's goals and the circumstances that brought the patient to the decision to consider hair transplantation.

 

To reduce risk of intraoperative wound contamination, many surgeons require patients to shampoo with 4% chlorhexidine gluconate the night before surgery. Note that significant keratitis has resulted from chlorhexidine remaining in the eye during surgery; therefore, one must instruct all patients to keep the cleanser out of their eyes. In addition, rare reports of anaphylaxis have been reported. Alternatives to chlorhexidine include Betadine shampoo, 3% chloroxylenol (Techni-Care), Dial liquid antimicrobial soap, and pHisoHex. In addition, some surgeons also require patients to shampoo their hair the morning before surgery and abstain from using hair products (eg, gel, mousse, hair spray).

 

Donor harvesting

A number of different techniques are available for harvesting hair follicles; each technique has advantages and disadvantages. Regardless of which harvesting technique is used, the principle of protected hair follicles remains paramount. It is well known that some hairs are not lost to androgenic alopecia. Usually, the protected follicles are found in the inferoposterior scalp and inferior parietal scalp. It is essential that only protected follicles be transplanted to ensure maximal survivability. With any of the below techniques, the punch, blade, and blades used are angled parallel to the hair follicles and not perpendicular to the scalp itself in order to minimize transection of hair follicles.

 

Graft insertion

Most surgeons use jeweler's forceps or similar small nontoothed forceps to insert grafts. Gently insert a graft by grasping the fat immediately beneath it to minimize trauma to the follicle. Some surgeons use a needle to insert and tease grafts gently into place. More recently, implantation devices have been designed that create recipient site and insert grafts.  MEDICATIONS & POSTOPERATIVE DRESSINGS  Section 7 of 11     

Author Information Introduction Patient Selection And Preoperative Preparation Preoperative Skin Preparation Anesthesia Procedure Medications & Postoperative Dressings Complications Summary Pictures Bibliography

 

Postoperative dressings

 

Most surgeons advocate use of surgical dressings to minimize risk of graft loss. Many surgeons apply (1) topical antibiotic, (2) Telfa nonstick gauze, (3) gauze, (4) Kerlix gauze, and (5) Coban wrap to create a turbanlike dressing. Most often, this dressing is removed after 24 hours; no dressing is required thereafter. Some surgeons use no postoperative dressing and require patients to wear a baseball cap.  COMPLICATIONS  Section 8 of 11     

Author Information Introduction Patient Selection And Preoperative Preparation Preoperative Skin Preparation Anesthesia Procedure Medications & Postoperative Dressings Complications Summary Pictures Bibliography 

 

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Related Topics & Questions

 

Grey Hair Causes – Reasons for Gray Hair, Graying

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Hair Transplantation – Techniques, Methods, Process

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Alopecia – Hair Loss Causes, Treatments

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